Dr. Kristin Shrader-Frechette

Kristin Shrader-Frechette studied physics at Xavier University and then graduated, summa cum laude, in 1967, with an undergraduate major in mathematics from Edgecliff College, Xavier University. In 1972, she received her Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Notre Dame. Shrader-Frechette also did postdoctoral work for 2, 1, and 2 years, respectively, in biology (community ecology), economics, and hydrogeology. She has held Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National ScienceFoundation, and Carnegie Foundation Fellowships in philosophy of science and has held offices/served on committees in the US National Academy of Sciences, the Risk Assessment and Policy Association, the American Philosophical Association, the Philosophy of Science Association, the Society for Philosophy and Technology, the International Society for Environmental Ethics. Shrader-Frechette has been a member of many boards and committees of the US Environmental Protection Agency, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement, and the National Research Council/National Academy of Sciences, including its Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, its Committee on Risk Characterization, and its Committee on Zinc-Cadmium-Sulfide Dispersions. In 2004 Shrader-Frechette became only the third American to win the World Technology Award in Ethics. Earlier a Harvard professor won for work in biomedical ethics, and a Princeton professor won for work in development ethics. Shrader-Frechette won for her work in public-health and environmental ethics. Associate Editor of BioScience until 2002, Shrader-Frechette is currently Editor-in-Chief of the Oxford University Press monograph series on Environmental Ethics and Science Policy and a member of the US EPA Science Advisory Board. She also serves on the editorial boards of 16 professional journals. Past-President of the Society for Philosophy and Technology, and Past President of the Risk Assessment and Policy Association, she also is Past President of the International Society for Environmental Ethics. Shrader-Frechette was the first woman president of all three international organizations (SPT, RAPA, ISEE). She has served as Principal Investigator for grants from the National Science Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Council on Philosophical Studies, and the US Department of Energy. NSF has funded her research for 27 years, and she recently finished research as PI on a $224,000 NSF grant on ethical and policy issues associated with worker exposure to ionizing radiation. Currently she is a member of the project team for a $ 3 million NSF grant, “Global Linkages of Biology, Environment, and Society” and is PI of another NSF grant on methodological problems in epidemiological statistics. Most of Shrader-Frechette's research focuses on scientific method, on ethical theory, or on ethical issues related to technological risks and their environmental consequences. Since 1980, her work has addressed methodological and ethical problems associated with nuclear technology or with ecological measures of technological risks. An enthusiastic teacher as well as a researcher, she also has won the annual university-wide award for "Outstanding Teacher." Shrader-Frechette has published more than 350 articles and 15 books /monographs: Nuclear Power and Public Policy (1980, 1983); Environmental Ethics (1981, 1991); Four Methodological Assumptions in Cost-Benefit Analysis (1983); Science Policy, Ethics, and Economic Methodology (1984); Risk Analysis and Scientific Method (1985); Nuclear Energy and Ethics (1991); Risk and Rationality (1991); Policy for Land: Law and Ethics (1992); Burying Uncertainty: Risk and the Case Against Geological Disposal of Nuclear Waste (1993); Method in Ecology (1993); The Ethics of Scientific Research (1994), Technology and Human Values (1996), Environmental Justice: Creating Equality, Reclaiming Democracy (2002), and Taking Action, Saving Lives: Our Duties to Protect Environmental and Public Health (2007). Her theoretical essays have appeared in philosophical journals such as Ethics, Journal of Philosophy, Philosophy of Science, and Synthese, as well as in science journals such as Science, BioScience, Health Physics, Conservation Biology, Quarterly Review of Biology, OIKOS, and Trends in Ecology and Evolution. She has also published in more applied journals such as Environmental Professional, Environment and Values, Energy Policy Studies, IEEE Spectrum, IEEE Technology and Society, Environmental Ethics, and Journal of Business Ethics. Her books and articles have been translated into 13 languages – Chinese, Czech, Dutch, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Russian, and Spanish. Shrader-Frechette is currently working on two new volumes: Nuclear Power and Climate Change and Risks of Risk Assessment. Widely requested as a lecturer by university, government, and industrial groups in the Americas, Europe, China, India, Africa, and Russia, Shrader-Frechette has been invited to address the National Academies of Science in three different countries. She has served as an advisor to numerous governments and international organizations, including the United Nations and the World Health Organization. Shrader-Frechette has held senior professorships at the University of California and the University of Florida. Currently she is O’Neill Family Professor of Philosophy and Concurrent Professor of Biological Sciences at the University of Notre Dame. Her website: is: www.nd.edu/~kshrader

Broadcast 798 (Special Edition)

Dr. Kristin Shrader-Frechette was the guest for this special and important Space Show program. Dr. Shrader-Frechette spoke with us about radiation, career radiation dosages, what this means for spaceflight, even short suborbital spaceflight. She stressed over and over again during this interview that there is no safe limit for ionizing radiation and that even absorbing a small amount of this radiation in a suborbital flight can cause us health issues depending on our own body chemistry, our lifetime radiation dosages and more.

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