Guest:  Dr. David Livingston hosts Open Lines;  Topics:  Multiple callers discussing multiple topics on today's program.  See the tags and key words as a guide to our discussion topics.  A few of our calls were lengthy, thus our program was 2 hours nine minutes in length.

Guest:  Dr. Michael Summers;  Topics:  In depth exoplanet discussion based on the book written by our guest, "Exoplanets."  Please direct all comments and questions regarding specific Space Show programs & guest(s) to the Space Show blog which is part of archived program on our website, www.thespaceshow.com.   Comments and questions should be relevant to the specific Space Show program. Written Transcripts of Space Show programs are a violation of our copyright and are not permitted without prior written consent, even if for your own use.